Esterification and Saponification


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Esterification and Saponification

Esterification and Saponification:

When ethanol (an alcohol) reacts with acetic acid (a carboxylic acid) in the presence of an acid as catalyst a fruity (sweet) smelling liquid called ester is obtained. This reaction is called esterification.

Here, H2SO4 act as dehydrating agent, i.e. it removes water formed, otherwise ester formed will get converted into acid. The ester gets converted back into alcohol and sodium salt of acid when treated with alkali like sodium hydroxide. This reaction is called saponification, as it is used for the preparation of soap.

Reaction with carbonates and hydrogen carbonates: In the reaction of acetic acid with carbonates or hydrogen carbonates, carbon dioxide gas is obtained. It is an example of acid-base reaction.

Uses of Ethanoic Acid:

a)   It is used for making vinegar.

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Sample Questions
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Question : 1

When ethanol reacts with _____________________ in the presence of an acid as catalyst a fruity (sweet) smelling liquid called ester is obtained.

Right Option : C
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Question : 2

The chemical reaction  which results in the formation of soap is called __________________

Right Option : D
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Question : 3

When __________________ reacts with acetic acid  in the presence of an acid as catalyst a fruity (sweet) smelling liquid called ester is obtained.

Right Option : A
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